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1.
Med. leg. Costa Rica ; 40(2)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | SaludCR, LILACS | ID: biblio-1514472

ABSTRACT

La muerte súbita es aquella que ocurre dentro de las 24 horas posteriores al inicio de los síntomas y se caracteriza por ser clínicamente inexplicable, inesperada y repentina. Debido a la naturaleza de la muerte súbita, no es posible llegar a un diagnóstico preciso sin una autopsia. En esta comunicación breve, evaluaremos el caso de un empleado de crucero de 33 años, sin historial médico/farmacológico previo, el cual falleció súbitamente mientras reposaba en su camarote. Debido a las sospechas iniciales de una posible muerte causada por una sobredosis de cocaína, se le realizó un panel toxicológico abarcador el cual resultó negativo. Empero, una tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal sin contraste revirtió la hipótesis inicial y la autopsia neuropatológica -sorpresivamente- confirmó que la verdadera causa de muerte fue la ruptura de un aneurisma sacular desconocido en el polígono de Willis.


Sudden death occurs within 24 hours after the onset of symptoms and is characterized by being clinically inexplicable, sudden, and unexpected. Due to the nature of sudden death, it is not possible an accurate diagnosis without performing an autopsy. In this brief communication, we will evaluate the case of a 33-year-old cruise employee, with no prior medical/pharmacological history, who suddenly died while resting in his cabin. Due to initial suspicions of a possible cocaine overdose death, a comprehensive toxicology panel was performed, although yielding a negative result. A cranial computed tomography without contrast reversed the initial hypothesis and the neuropathological autopsy -surprisingly- confirmed that the true cause of death was the rupture of an unknown saccular aneurysm in the Circle of Willis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Circle of Willis/diagnostic imaging , Death, Sudden/pathology , Aneurysm/diagnostic imaging , Autopsy/methods
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 35(3): 1121-1128, Sept. 2017. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893103

ABSTRACT

One of the most common causes of stroke is rupture of aneurysms whose approach requires knowledge of anatomical variants. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anatomical variants of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and the anterior communicating artery (AComA) by 3D computed tomography angiography (3D CTA) in Mexican individuals. A retrospective, observational, cross-sectional descriptive study of 283 patients, independent of sex or age, in which morphometric measurements of cerebral vessels were evaluated using contrasted 3D CTA from a period of two years was performed. We found at least one "atypical" variant in a third of the study population (33.93 %). The most common "atypical" variant was the absence of the AComA (14.1 %). A significant association between the hypoplastic variant of the right A1 segment and hypoplasia of the left A1 and the right A2 was found, while hypoplasia of the left A1 was associated with hypoplasia of the right A2. There is a difference in the prevalence of anatomical variants of the ACA-AComA complex in Mexican population in relation to other populations. The typical variant is the most prevalent form in the study population. However, the presence of atypical variants represents an important number that should be taken into account in clinical and surgical procedures.


Una de las causas más frecuentes de accidente cerebrovascular es la ruptura de aneurismas cuyo abordaje requiere el conocimiento de las variantes anatómicas. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia de variantes anatómicas de la Arteria Cerebral Anterior (ACA) y la Arteria Comunicante Anterior (AComA) mediante angiotomografías computarizadas 3D (angioTAC 3D) de individuos mexicanos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, observacional, transversal y descriptivo en el que se evaluaron angioTAC contrastados con reconstrucción 3D de 283 pacientes, sin considerar género ni edad, obtenidas durante un periodo de dos años a los que se les realizaron mediciones morfométricas en los vasos de interés. Se encontró al menos una variante "atípica" en un tercio de la población estudiada (33,93 %). La variante "atípica" más común fue la ausencia de AComA (14,1 %). Se encontró asociación significativa entre la variante hipoplásica del segmento A1 derecha y la hipoplasia de A1 izquierda y A2 derecha; mientras que la hipoplasia de A1 izquierda se asoció a la variante hipoplasia de A2 derecha, encontrándose mayor tendencia de aparición de aneurismas en función del menor diámetro del segmento A2 derecho de la ACA. Existe diferencia en la prevalencia de variantes anatómicas del complejo ACA-AComA en población mexicana con respecto a otras poblaciones. La variante típica constituye la forma más prevalente en la población estudiada. Sin embargo, la presencia de variantes atípicas representa una cifra importante que deberá tomarse en cuenta en procedimientos clínicos y quirúrgicos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anatomic Variation , Circle of Willis/anatomy & histology , Circle of Willis/diagnostic imaging , Multidetector Computed Tomography/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Retrospective Studies
4.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 75(7): 429-432, July 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888296

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The circle of Willis is an important collateral system that maintains perfusion to the stenotic area from the contralateral carotid and basilar artery to the region of reduced brain perfusion. The aim of the present study was to compare the circle of Willis anomaly in patients with unilateral symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid artery disease. Results In this retrospective study, we analyzed 175 patients who presented at our outpatient stroke clinic between January, 2013 and June, 2015 with either unilateral symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid artery disease, and who had had CT angiography imaging performed. Demographic properties, carotid artery stenosis and the anomaly of the circle of Willis was recorded. Conclusion There was no statistically significant difference in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid artery disease in terms of the anomaly of the circle of Willis.


RESUMO O Círculo de Willis é um importante sistema colateral que mantém a perfusão à área estenótica da carótida contralateral e da artéria basilar para a região de perfusão cerebral reduzida. O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a anomalia do Círculo de Willis em pacientes com doença carotídea assintomática e sintomática unilateral. Resultados Neste estudo retrospectivo, foram analisados 175 pacientes que foram à nossa clínica ambulatorial de AVC, entre janeiro de 2013 e junho de 2015, com doença carotídea assintomática ou sintomática unilateral, e que fizeram angiografia por tomografia computadorizada. Propriedades demográficas, estenose da artéria carótida e anomalia do Círculo de Willis foram registradas. Conclusão Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa em pacientes com doença carotídea sintomática e assintomática em termos de anomalia do Círculo de Willis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Carotid Artery Diseases/complications , Circle of Willis/abnormalities , Stroke/etiology , Carotid Artery Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Circle of Willis/diagnostic imaging , Stroke/diagnostic imaging , Computed Tomography Angiography
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